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都(dou)知道，電(dian)(dian)子設備的(de)(de)損(sun)壞(huai)往往不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由於直接(jie)雷擊(ji)引起(qi)的(de)(de)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)當雷擊(ji)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)時電(dian)(dian)源和(he)通訊線(xian)路中感(gan)應的(de)(de)高浪湧和(he)高電(dian)(dian)壓引起(qi)的(de)(de)。當然(ran)，電(dian)(dian)源浪湧的(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)並不(bu)(bu)單單是(shi)(shi)(shi)源於雷擊(ji)，也有(you)可能是(shi)(shi)(shi)當電(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)出(chu)現短路故障。不(bu)(bu)論是(shi)(shi)(shi)雷擊(ji)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)線(xian)路浪湧，其(qi)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)幾(ji)率都(dou)很高，電(dian)(dian)壓可高達上千伏(fu)，雖然(ran)時間很短，只(zhi)有(you)幾(ji)十到(dao)幾(ji)百個微秒(miao)，或者不(bu)(bu)足以燒(shao)毀電(dian)(dian)子設備，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)於電(dian)(dian)子設備內部的(de)(de)半導體元件(jian)卻有(you)很大的(de)(de)損(sun)害甚至損(sun)壞(huai)。

為(wei)此(ci)，針對電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)浪(lang)湧(yong)防護方(fang)(fang)案設(she)計(ji)，需要(yao)達到兩個(ge)目的(de)(de)：第(di)一，要(yao)將線路中感應(ying)的(de)(de)浪(lang)湧(yong)泄放到大地，第(di)二，要(yao)使(shi)被(bei)保護設(she)備(bei)端的(de)(de)浪(lang)湧(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓限製在允許(xu)的(de)(de)安全電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓以下(xia)。關於電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)雷擊(ji)浪(lang)湧(yong)防護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)方(fang)(fang)案，之(zhi)前科普過AC 220V交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)浪(lang)湧(yong)保護方(fang)(fang)案，接下(xia)來東沃電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)（DOWOSEMI）要(yao)介紹的(de)(de)是另一個(ge)常用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)雷擊(ji)浪(lang)湧(yong)防護方(fang)(fang)案：AC 380V三相交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)端口浪(lang)湧(yong)保護方(fang)(fang)案，方(fang)(fang)案圖如下(xia)圖所示：

AC 380V由(you)於(wu)(wu)需要(yao)從變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)或者配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)房(fang)從戶外(wai)引入(ru)室內供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在雷(lei)(lei)雨季節易遭受感應雷(lei)(lei)擊(ji)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網上其他設備切投的(de)(de)影響(xiang)造(zao)成的(de)(de)高(gao)浪湧(yong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓而損壞後面的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，故此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源輸入(ru)端(duan)口防護(hu)要(yao)求及其嚴苛(ke)。從上圖方案中可以看出，AC 380V三相交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源端(duan)口浪湧(yong)防護(hu)差模采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)通流(liu)(liu)壓敏(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻MOV，共模采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)通流(liu)(liu)壓敏(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻MOV串陶瓷(ci)氣體放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管泄放雷(lei)(lei)擊(ji)、浪湧(yong)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，延(yan)長壓敏(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻MOV使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命。該方案用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)於(wu)(wu)滿(man)足(zu)380V交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源接口的(de)(de)浪湧(yong)保護(hu)，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源所(suo)(suo)處(chu)環境(jing)選擇不同級別(bie)的(de)(de)保護(hu)器(qi)件，能(neng)夠(gou)滿(man)足(zu)IEC61000-4-5 4kV-8kV不同級別(bie)的(de)(de)測試。

AC 380V三相交流電源端(duan)口浪湧(yong)防護(hu)保護(hu)器件說明：

1）MOV壓敏電阻14D561K，壓敏電壓560V，電流4500A，通道數1，封裝14D；
2）MOV壓敏電阻20D561K，壓敏電壓560V，電流6500A，通道數1，封裝20D；
3）MOV壓敏電阻25D561K，壓敏電壓560V，電流15000A，通道數1，封裝25D；
4）GDT陶瓷氣體放電管2R600A(I)-N，最大沖擊擊穿電壓1000V，8/20浪湧10KA；

註意：如果有絕緣耐壓測試要求，GDT陶瓷氣體放電管需選用2500V以上型號。

關於AC 380V三相交流電源端口浪湧防護經典方案就分享到這兒，想了解更多其他方案、EMC測試、電路保護器件選型、參數、樣品、價格等方面信息，可咨詢您身邊的電路保護器件管家東沃電子產品工程師，1對1在線為您服務：136 7581 6901（微信同號）朱工